The core principle being tested here is the appropriate application of ISO 27002:2022 controls, specifically concerning the management of intellectual property and confidential information. Control 5.10, “Protection of intellectual property rights,” directly addresses the need to safeguard valuable information assets. Control 5.11, “Protection of confidential information,” is also highly relevant as it mandates measures to prevent unauthorized disclosure. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” focuses on securing devices used by individuals, which can indirectly protect information but is not the primary control for the *management* of intellectual property itself. Control 7.4, “Use of cryptography,” is a technical control for data protection, not a policy or procedural control for managing intellectual property rights. Therefore, the most fitting control category for establishing policies and procedures to protect proprietary algorithms and trade secrets, which are forms of intellectual property and confidential information, falls under the broader organizational controls related to asset management and information protection, specifically those addressing intellectual property and confidentiality. The question emphasizes the *establishment of policies and procedures*, which aligns with the intent of controls like 5.10 and 5.11.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is seeking to enhance its information security posture by implementing controls aligned with ISO 27002:2022. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from the standard to address the identified risk of unauthorized access to sensitive customer data stored in cloud-based applications. ISO 27002:2022 categorizes controls into four themes: Organizational, People, Physical, and Technological. Considering the nature of cloud-based data and the need to manage access at a granular level, controls related to access management within the technological theme are paramount. Specifically, the control for “Access control” (Clause 5.15) is designed to restrict access to information and information processing facilities to authorized users, processes, and systems. This control encompasses aspects like user registration, authentication, authorization, and the review of access rights. While other controls might play a supporting role (e.g., “Information security for use of cloud services” for cloud-specific risks, or “Monitoring activities” for detecting breaches), “Access control” directly addresses the fundamental requirement of ensuring only legitimate entities can access the data. The other options, while relevant to information security, do not directly target the specific risk of unauthorized access to cloud-stored data as effectively as a comprehensive access control framework. For instance, “Physical security monitoring” is irrelevant to cloud data, and “Information security awareness training” addresses human factors but not the technical enforcement of access. “Capacity management” is focused on resource allocation and performance, not access restrictions. Therefore, the most fitting control is the one that establishes and enforces rules for who can access what information.

The core of this question lies in understanding the nuanced application of ISO 27002:2022 controls, specifically concerning the management of intellectual property and the protection of sensitive information within a collaborative development environment. The scenario describes a situation where a startup, “Quantum Leap Innovations,” is developing a novel quantum encryption algorithm. They are engaging external consultants from “Synergy Solutions” for specialized expertise. The critical aspect is ensuring that the intellectual property (IP) generated during this collaboration remains secure and that Quantum Leap Innovations retains ownership and control.

ISO 27002:2022, particularly within the “Organizational controls” and “Physical controls” themes, emphasizes the need for clear agreements and robust security measures. Specifically, control 5.10 “Information transfer” and control 8.1 “User endpoint devices” are highly relevant. Control 5.10 mandates that information transfer policies and procedures are established, documented, and implemented, ensuring that information is protected during transit and when shared with third parties. This includes defining acceptable methods of transfer, encryption requirements, and verification of receipt. Control 8.1 focuses on the security of devices used by users, which in this context would include the devices used by Synergy Solutions’ consultants. This control requires that user endpoint devices are protected against malware and unauthorized access, and that appropriate security configurations are applied.

Considering the scenario, Quantum Leap Innovations must ensure that the agreement with Synergy Solutions explicitly addresses IP ownership, confidentiality obligations, and the secure handling of all shared information, including the algorithm’s source code and related research data. This aligns with the principles of due diligence in managing third-party relationships and protecting organizational assets. The use of secure, encrypted communication channels for all data exchange, and the implementation of endpoint security measures on the consultants’ devices (or ensuring their adherence to Quantum Leap’s standards), are paramount. Furthermore, the organization should consider implementing controls related to access management (control 5.15) to ensure that consultants only have access to the information necessary for their tasks.

The most comprehensive approach, therefore, involves a combination of contractual safeguards and technical security measures. A robust Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) is a foundational element, but it must be complemented by practical security controls. Establishing clear guidelines for data handling, including the prohibition of storing sensitive information on unencrypted personal devices and mandating the use of secure, auditable transfer mechanisms, directly addresses the risks associated with third-party collaboration. This proactive stance ensures that the intellectual property remains protected throughout the engagement, aligning with the overarching goal of maintaining information security and protecting valuable organizational assets.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security for outsourced services, emphasizes the importance of establishing clear responsibilities and ensuring that the service provider adheres to agreed-upon security controls.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. This control mandates that when using cloud services, the organization must understand and manage the security risks associated with the cloud provider’s responsibilities and the organization’s own responsibilities. This includes ensuring that the cloud provider implements appropriate security measures that align with the organization’s overall information security policy and risk appetite. Furthermore, it requires defining the scope of services, security requirements, and the responsibilities of both parties in a formal agreement.

Considering the options, the most appropriate action for the Information Security Manager is to ensure that the contractual agreement with the cloud provider explicitly outlines the security obligations for protecting the sensitive customer data. This contractual clarity is fundamental to establishing accountability and verifying compliance with security requirements. Without this, the organization cannot effectively manage the risks associated with the outsourced CRM system.

The correct approach involves a thorough review and negotiation of the service level agreement (SLA) and the contract with the cloud provider. This review should focus on clauses related to data protection, incident response, audit rights, and the provider’s adherence to relevant security standards and regulations. The goal is to ensure that the provider’s security practices are robust enough to meet the organization’s compliance obligations and risk management objectives.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing controls from Annex A of ISO 27001, specifically focusing on Clause 5.10, “Information security in the supply chain.” The core of the question revolves around how to effectively manage risks associated with third-party service providers who handle sensitive organizational data. ISO 27002:2022 provides guidance on implementing controls. Control 5.10, “Information security in the supply chain,” is directly relevant here. This control emphasizes the need to establish agreements with suppliers that include information security requirements. The explanation should detail why this control is paramount in the given context. It’s crucial to ensure that contractual obligations clearly define the responsibilities of both the organization and the supplier regarding data protection, incident reporting, and compliance with relevant legislation like GDPR or CCPA, depending on the data processed. The explanation should highlight that a robust supplier agreement, informed by a thorough risk assessment, is the foundational element for managing these third-party risks. This agreement should cover aspects like data access, data retention, audit rights, and the supplier’s own security posture. Without such a clearly defined and legally binding document, the organization relinquishes control over how its information is handled by external entities, thereby increasing its exposure to breaches and non-compliance. The focus is on proactive risk mitigation through contractual means, ensuring that the supplier’s security practices align with the organization’s own policies and legal obligations.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is a direct application of ISO 27002:2022 control 5.10, “Information security for use of cloud services.” This control emphasizes the need for a clear understanding of the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the customer. Specifically, it mandates that the organization must ensure that the cloud service provider implements appropriate security measures aligned with the organization’s information security requirements. This includes defining and agreeing upon the scope of services, security responsibilities, and the handling of information. The organization must also ensure that the provider’s security practices are regularly reviewed and that contractual agreements clearly delineate security obligations, including data residency, access controls, incident response, and audit rights. The question probes the fundamental understanding of how to manage security risks associated with cloud adoption by focusing on the essential due diligence required when selecting and engaging with a cloud service provider, ensuring that the provider’s security posture is compatible with the organization’s risk appetite and legal obligations, such as GDPR or CCPA, which mandate specific data protection measures. The correct approach involves establishing a robust contractual framework and ongoing oversight to ensure the provider adheres to agreed-upon security standards, thereby mitigating potential data breaches and compliance failures.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the secure handling of sensitive customer data, which includes personally identifiable information (PII) and financial details. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing information security. Control A.5.10, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. This control mandates that when using cloud services, the organization must establish and implement an information security policy for cloud services. This policy should address aspects such as the responsibilities of the cloud service provider and the organization, the classification of data to be stored in the cloud, and the security requirements for accessing and managing cloud-based information. Furthermore, control A.8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for ensuring the ongoing effectiveness of security measures. It requires continuous monitoring of information systems, including cloud environments, to detect and respond to security incidents. The organization must also consider control A.5.1, “Policies for information security,” which sets the foundation for all security practices by requiring documented policies. Given the nature of the data and the cloud environment, a comprehensive approach that includes policy development, secure configuration, and continuous monitoring is essential. Therefore, establishing a specific policy for cloud service usage and implementing robust monitoring mechanisms are the most critical initial steps.

No calculation is required for this question as it assesses understanding of ISO 27002:2022 controls and their application in a specific context. The scenario describes a situation where a company is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored and processed within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud computing. ISO 27002:2022, specifically control 5.23 (Information security for use of cloud services), mandates that organizations establish and implement policies and supporting procedures for the use of information processing facilities, including cloud services. This involves understanding the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the organization. Control 8.16 (Monitoring activities) is also relevant, as continuous monitoring of cloud service usage is crucial for detecting unauthorized access or policy violations. However, the question focuses on the foundational aspect of defining security requirements and responsibilities *before* or *during* the initial implementation phase. Control 5.23 directly addresses the need to define and manage the security aspects of cloud services, including the allocation of responsibilities. Control 8.16 is more about the ongoing operational monitoring. Control 7.4 (Access control) is important for managing user access to the CRM but doesn’t encompass the broader contractual and service-level considerations of cloud security. Control 8.1 (User endpoint devices) is relevant for devices accessing the CRM, but the core issue here is the security of the cloud service itself and the data within it. Therefore, establishing clear security requirements and responsibilities for the cloud service, as outlined in control 5.23, is the most appropriate initial step to address the scenario’s core challenge.

The core of this question lies in understanding the application of ISO 27002:2022 controls within a specific context, particularly concerning the management of information security incidents. The scenario describes a situation where a critical system failure has led to a significant data breach, impacting customer privacy and potentially violating regulations like GDPR. The Information Security Manager needs to select the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 to address the immediate aftermath and subsequent management of this incident.

Control 5.24, “Information security incident management,” is the most fitting choice. This control encompasses the entire lifecycle of an information security incident, from reporting and assessment to response, resolution, and learning from the event. It mandates the establishment of a process for managing incidents, including clear roles and responsibilities, communication protocols, and procedures for containment, eradication, and recovery. Given the severity of the breach and its regulatory implications, a comprehensive incident management process is paramount.

Control 8.15, “Monitoring activities,” is relevant for detecting incidents but does not directly address the management of an already occurred breach. Control 7.10, “Use of cryptography,” is a technical control for protecting data, which might be part of the recovery but not the overarching management of the incident itself. Control 5.1, “Policies for information security,” provides the foundational framework but is too broad to address the specific operational needs of incident response. Therefore, the systematic approach outlined in Control 5.24 is the most direct and effective response to the described situation, ensuring a structured and compliant handling of the data breach.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is developing a new cloud-based service. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 to manage the risks associated with the processing of sensitive personal data in this new service, particularly in light of potential regulatory requirements like GDPR.

ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the “Organizational controls” section, addresses the importance of managing information security in the context of cloud services. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant. This control mandates that organizations establish and implement policies, procedures, and technical measures to manage information security risks associated with the use of cloud services. It emphasizes understanding the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the organization, as well as ensuring that the chosen cloud services meet the organization’s security requirements.

Considering the sensitive personal data and the regulatory landscape, the organization must ensure that its cloud service provider adheres to strict data protection principles and offers robust security capabilities. This includes aspects like data residency, access controls, encryption, and incident response. Control 5.23 provides the overarching framework for this, guiding the organization to define its requirements and verify the provider’s compliance. Other controls might be relevant in a supporting role, such as those related to access control (8.2), cryptography (8.24), or supplier relationships (5.21), but 5.23 is the primary control that directly addresses the security management of the cloud service itself.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is developing a new cloud-based service and needs to ensure its security posture aligns with ISO 27001 and relevant data protection regulations, such as GDPR. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 that directly addresses the security of information processed in a cloud computing environment, particularly concerning the responsibilities of the cloud service provider.

ISO 27002:2022, Annex A, Control 5.23 “Information security for use of cloud services” is specifically designed to address the security requirements when utilizing cloud services. This control mandates that organizations establish an agreement with cloud service providers that defines their respective responsibilities for information security. This includes aspects like data protection, access control, incident management, and compliance with legal and regulatory obligations. The control emphasizes the need for a clear understanding of the shared responsibility model in cloud environments.

Considering the options:
– Control 8.16 “Monitoring activities” is important for detecting security incidents but doesn’t directly define the contractual security obligations with a cloud provider.
– Control 5.24 “Information security for operations in the network” focuses on network security aspects, which are relevant but not as encompassing as the contractual agreement for cloud services.
– Control 7.4 “Use of cryptography” is a technical control for data protection, vital for cloud services, but again, it doesn’t address the overarching contractual framework for cloud security.

Therefore, Control 5.23 is the most fitting control as it directly addresses the establishment of security agreements with cloud service providers, which is paramount for an organization developing a new cloud service and needing to comply with regulations like GDPR. This control ensures that the organization has a clear understanding and documented agreement on how security responsibilities are shared and managed in the cloud.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially in light of potential regulatory requirements such as GDPR or CCPA. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing information security. For cloud services, control A.5.23 (Information security for use of cloud services) is directly relevant. This control emphasizes the need to establish and implement information security policies and procedures for cloud service usage. Furthermore, control A.8.16 (Monitoring activities) is crucial for detecting and responding to security incidents, including unauthorized access or data breaches. Control A.8.15 (Protection of information in cloud services) is also highly pertinent, focusing on securing data at rest and in transit within the cloud environment. Considering the need for a comprehensive approach that addresses both the contractual and technical aspects of cloud security, and the ongoing monitoring required, the most appropriate overarching strategy is to ensure that the contractual agreements with the cloud provider explicitly mandate adherence to ISO 27001 or equivalent security standards, and that robust technical controls are in place for data protection and continuous monitoring. This aligns with the principles of shared responsibility in cloud security and the need for due diligence.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is developing a new cloud-based service. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 for managing the security of information processed by this new service, particularly concerning the responsibilities of the cloud service provider. ISO 27002:2022 categorizes controls into four themes: Organizational, People, Physical, and Technological.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses the need to establish agreements with cloud service providers that define their responsibilities for information security. This control emphasizes the importance of clearly delineating roles and responsibilities, ensuring that the provider adheres to the organization’s security requirements, and that appropriate security measures are implemented by the provider. The scenario specifically mentions the need to manage information security in a cloud environment, making this control highly relevant.

Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” is focused on the security of devices used by individuals to access information, which is not the primary concern when defining responsibilities with a cloud provider for the service itself. Control 5.14, “Information transfer,” deals with the security of information during transmission, which is a component of cloud security but not the overarching control for managing the provider’s security obligations. Control 7.4, “Physical security monitoring,” pertains to the physical security of the organization’s own premises or data centers, which is less directly applicable to the shared responsibility model of cloud computing where the provider manages the physical infrastructure. Therefore, establishing clear contractual agreements with the cloud service provider regarding their security responsibilities, as outlined in control 5.23, is the most fitting approach.

The core of this question lies in understanding the nuanced application of ISO 27002:2022 controls in a specific operational context. The scenario describes a situation where an organization is developing a new cloud-based service and needs to ensure the security of the data processed and stored within this service, particularly concerning data residency and legal compliance. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on various aspects of information security management.

Control A.5.10, “Information security in the cloud,” is directly relevant here. It mandates that the organization should address specific security requirements when using cloud services, including those related to data location and legal obligations. The scenario highlights the need to comply with data residency laws, which dictate where certain types of data must be stored and processed. This aligns with the principle of ensuring that the chosen cloud service provider’s infrastructure meets the organization’s legal and regulatory obligations regarding data sovereignty.

Control A.8.12, “Data location,” further reinforces this by requiring that data be kept in appropriate locations, considering legal, statutory, and contractual requirements. The organization must therefore select cloud service providers and configure their services in a manner that guarantees data is stored and processed within the jurisdictions mandated by applicable laws. This involves understanding the provider’s data center locations and their policies on data transfer and processing.

The other options, while related to information security, do not directly address the specific challenge of data residency and legal compliance in a cloud environment as comprehensively as the combination of A.5.10 and A.8.12. For instance, A.5.13, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is broader and focuses on the overall security of cloud usage, not specifically data location. A.8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is about observing and recording activities, which is important but secondary to ensuring the fundamental requirement of data residency. A.7.4, “Information security awareness, education and training,” is crucial for personnel but doesn’t directly solve the technical and legal challenge of data placement. Therefore, the most appropriate approach is to ensure that the cloud service provider’s capabilities and the service’s configuration align with the organization’s data residency obligations.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO 27002:2022, specifically through its controls, provides guidance on managing information security risks. Control 5.1, “Policies for information security,” mandates the establishment of clear policies. Control 5.10, “Information security in supplier relationships,” is directly relevant to managing risks associated with third-party services like cloud providers. Control 5.12, “Managing information security in the ICT supply chain,” extends this to the broader ecosystem. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” and 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” are also pertinent to securing the access and usage of the CRM. However, the most overarching and foundational control for establishing a structured approach to information security, especially when integrating new technologies and managing external dependencies, is the development and implementation of a comprehensive information security policy framework. This framework, as guided by 5.1, sets the direction and principles for all subsequent security measures, including those related to cloud services and supplier management. Therefore, establishing a robust information security policy that explicitly addresses cloud computing risks and supplier responsibilities is the most critical initial step. This policy would then inform the selection and implementation of other controls, such as those related to supplier agreements and technical security measures. The policy serves as the bedrock upon which the entire security posture for the new CRM system will be built, ensuring alignment with organizational objectives and regulatory requirements.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing new controls from Annex A of ISO 27001:2022, specifically focusing on the management of information security incidents. The core of the question lies in understanding the appropriate response when an incident is detected. ISO 27002:2022, in its guidance on incident management (specifically within the context of controls like A.5.24 Information security incident management), emphasizes the need for a structured and documented process. This process typically involves detection, reporting, assessment, containment, eradication, recovery, and post-incident review. The prompt highlights the detection of a potential data breach involving sensitive customer data. The immediate and most critical step, as per best practices and the principles outlined in ISO 27002:2022, is to initiate the established incident response procedure. This procedure is designed to ensure that the incident is handled systematically, minimizing damage and facilitating a swift resolution. While other actions like informing stakeholders or conducting a root cause analysis are important, they are subsequent steps within the overall incident response framework. The initial and paramount action upon detection is to activate the defined incident management process. This ensures that all necessary steps are taken in a coordinated manner, adhering to the organization’s documented policies and procedures, and aligning with regulatory requirements such as GDPR or CCPA, which mandate timely reporting and mitigation of data breaches. Therefore, the most accurate and immediate action is to commence the formal incident response process.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing controls from Annex A of ISO 27001, specifically focusing on the management of intellectual property. The question asks about the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 to address the unauthorized disclosure of proprietary algorithms and source code.

ISO 27002:2022, in its updated structure, categorizes controls into four themes: Organizational, People, Physical, and Technological. Within the Organizational theme, control 5.10, “Information classification,” is directly relevant. This control mandates the classification of information based on its value, legal requirements, and sensitivity. Proprietary algorithms and source code are highly sensitive and valuable intellectual property, requiring strict protection. By classifying this information as confidential or highly confidential, the organization establishes a basis for applying appropriate security measures.

Control 5.10 facilitates the implementation of other controls by providing a framework for handling information according to its classification. For instance, it informs the application of access controls (e.g., 5.15, “Access control”), data leakage prevention measures (e.g., 8.10, “Data leakage prevention”), and secure development practices (e.g., 8.25, “Secure coding”). Without proper classification, it becomes challenging to determine the necessary level of protection for sensitive assets like source code, potentially leading to breaches like the one described.

Other controls might seem related, but 5.10 is foundational. For example, while 8.10 (Data leakage prevention) directly addresses the outcome, it relies on the information being properly identified and classified first. Similarly, 8.25 (Secure coding) focuses on the development process itself, but the protection of the *output* of that process (the source code) is governed by classification. Control 7.1 (User endpoint devices) is too broad and focuses on user devices, not the inherent protection of intellectual property itself. Therefore, establishing a robust information classification scheme is the most critical first step to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of proprietary algorithms and source code.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, particularly in light of potential regulatory requirements like GDPR or CCPA, which mandate specific data handling and breach notification procedures. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing information security.

The question asks to identify the most appropriate control objective from ISO 27002:2022 for addressing the security of data in a cloud-based CRM. Let’s analyze the relevant control areas:

* **A.8.16 Information leakage prevention**: This control focuses on preventing unauthorized disclosure of information. While relevant, it’s a broader category.
* **A.8.17 Information transfer**: This control deals with the secure transfer of information, which is a component but not the overarching objective for data at rest in a cloud CRM.
* **A.8.23 Use of cryptography**: Cryptography is a technical measure to protect data, but the objective is broader than just encryption.
* **A.8.24 Secure development**: This control is for systems being developed, not for an off-the-shelf cloud CRM.
* **A.8.25 Testing of security**: This is about testing, not the ongoing management of data security.
* **A.8.26 Protection of information in the cloud**: This control specifically addresses the security of information processed and stored in cloud services. It encompasses aspects like data segregation, access controls, and ensuring the cloud provider’s security measures align with the organization’s requirements. Given that the CRM is cloud-based and the core concern is the security of customer data within it, this control objective directly targets the scenario. It ensures that the organization has mechanisms in place to protect its information assets when utilizing cloud services, which is precisely the challenge presented.

Therefore, the most fitting control objective is the one that directly addresses the security of information within cloud environments.

The core of ISO 27002:2022 is the implementation of information security controls. When considering the transition from a previous version of the standard to ISO 27002:2022, a key consideration is how existing controls map to the new control set and how new controls are integrated. The 2022 version consolidates and reorganizes controls into four themes: Organizational, People, Physical, and Technological. A crucial aspect of managing this transition is ensuring that the organization’s information security management system (ISMS) continues to meet its objectives and comply with legal and regulatory requirements, such as GDPR or HIPAA, depending on the jurisdiction and data processed. The process involves a thorough review of the current control environment, identifying gaps or overlaps with the new control structure, and prioritizing the implementation of new or updated controls. This requires understanding the intent and applicability of each control within the new framework. For instance, controls related to asset management, access control, and physical security have been refined and reorganized. The effectiveness of the ISMS relies on a systematic approach to control selection, implementation, and monitoring, ensuring that the organization’s risk appetite is maintained and that security objectives are met. The selection of controls should be based on a risk assessment and the organization’s specific context, rather than a blanket application of all controls. Therefore, understanding the rationale behind control selection and the impact of the new structure on existing security practices is paramount.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern for the Information Security Manager is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given that the data will reside on a third-party provider’s infrastructure. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security in cloud services, emphasizes the importance of understanding and managing the responsibilities shared between the cloud service provider and the customer. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses this by requiring an agreement with the cloud service provider that defines responsibilities for information security. This agreement should clearly delineate who is responsible for which security controls, particularly concerning data protection, access management, and incident response. Without such a clearly defined agreement, the organization risks security gaps, compliance violations (e.g., GDPR, CCPA, which mandate data protection), and an inability to effectively manage security risks associated with the cloud deployment. Therefore, establishing a comprehensive cloud service agreement that details security responsibilities is the most critical initial step to mitigate these risks and ensure compliance. Other controls, while important, are either downstream from this foundational agreement or address different aspects of information security. For instance, control 5.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting threats but relies on the underlying security posture established by the agreement. Control 8.1, “User access management,” is a key component of security but its implementation in a cloud context is heavily influenced by the shared responsibility model defined in the service agreement. Control 7.4, “Information security in the ICT supply chain,” is broader and while relevant, the cloud service agreement is the specific mechanism for addressing security within the cloud supply chain.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing information security. Control A.5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. This control emphasizes the need for an agreement with the cloud service provider that clearly defines responsibilities for information security. The question asks about the most appropriate action to ensure compliance and security. Evaluating the options, the most effective approach is to establish a formal agreement that explicitly outlines the security obligations of both the organization and the cloud provider. This agreement should detail data protection measures, incident response procedures, audit rights, and termination clauses, aligning with the principles of shared responsibility in cloud security as advocated by ISO 27002:2022. Other options, while potentially having some merit, do not address the foundational requirement of a contractual agreement for cloud service security. For instance, conducting a risk assessment is a prerequisite for defining requirements, but it doesn’t *ensure* the provider adheres to them. Relying solely on the provider’s certifications, while good practice, doesn’t substitute for a specific contractual commitment. Implementing internal controls is crucial but doesn’t directly govern the security practices of the external cloud provider. Therefore, the formal agreement is the cornerstone of managing information security in a cloud environment as per ISO 27002:2022.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the potential for unauthorized disclosure of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud services. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, addresses such risks through various measures. Control A.5.1 (Policies for information security) establishes the foundational framework for security. Control A.5.10 (Acceptable use of information and other associated assets) sets guidelines for user behavior. Control A.5.14 (Information transfer) dictates how information should be handled during transmission. Control A.8.1 (User endpoint devices) focuses on securing devices used by users. Control A.8.16 (Monitoring activities) is crucial for detecting suspicious behavior. Control A.8.23 (Use of cryptography) is relevant for protecting data at rest and in transit. Control A.8.28 (Secure coding) is vital for the CRM system itself. However, the most direct and overarching control for managing the security of cloud services, including the shared responsibility model and the need for specific security clauses in contracts, falls under A.5.23 (Information security for use of cloud services). This control mandates that the organization must understand and address the security risks associated with cloud services, including those related to the cloud provider’s responsibilities and the organization’s own obligations. Therefore, ensuring that the contractual agreements with the cloud provider clearly define security responsibilities and audit rights is paramount. This aligns with the principle of due diligence in managing third-party risks, a core tenet of information security management.

The scenario describes a situation where a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system is being implemented. The organization is concerned about the security of sensitive customer data stored in this system, especially given the increasing regulatory landscape, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security, provides guidance on various controls. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 to address the security of data in a cloud service.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses the security requirements for cloud services. This control emphasizes the need to obtain assurance of the security measures implemented by cloud service providers, including understanding their responsibilities and the shared responsibility model. It also covers aspects like data segregation, access control, and incident management in the cloud environment. While other controls might touch upon aspects of data protection or supplier relationships, 5.23 is the most specific and comprehensive control for managing information security when utilizing cloud services. For instance, control 8.1 “User endpoint devices” is relevant to device security but not directly to the cloud service itself. Control 5.1 “Policies for information security” sets the overall direction but doesn’t provide the specific guidance for cloud. Control 7.4 “Access control” is crucial but is a component of the broader cloud security management. Therefore, the most fitting control for ensuring the security of sensitive customer data within a new cloud CRM system, considering regulatory compliance like GDPR, is the one dedicated to cloud service security.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically clause 5.23 “Information security for use of cloud services,” provides guidance on managing information security in cloud environments. This clause emphasizes the importance of understanding the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the customer. Crucially, it mandates that organizations must ensure that the cloud service provider implements appropriate security controls that align with the organization’s information security requirements and legal obligations. This includes verifying the provider’s adherence to relevant data protection regulations, such as the GDPR or CCPA, depending on the customer base. The organization must also establish clear contractual agreements that define security responsibilities, service level agreements (SLAs) related to security, and procedures for incident management and data breach notification. The most effective way to achieve this assurance, as per ISO 27002:2022, is through a thorough review of the provider’s security certifications and audit reports, alongside a detailed contractual review. This approach directly addresses the need to verify the provider’s security posture and ensure compliance with contractual and regulatory requirements without directly managing the provider’s internal operations. Focusing on the provider’s existing security management system and its documented compliance is more practical and efficient than attempting to dictate specific technical configurations or conducting direct, intrusive audits of the provider’s infrastructure, which is typically outside the scope of a customer’s direct control.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security for outsourced services, emphasizes the importance of establishing clear responsibilities and ensuring that the service provider adheres to the organization’s security requirements.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses this. It mandates that the organization must agree on the security requirements for cloud services with the cloud service provider, including the protection of information, and ensure that these requirements are met. This involves defining the scope of services, the responsibilities of both parties, and the security measures to be implemented.

Considering the options:
The first option focuses on establishing a contractual agreement that explicitly outlines the security obligations of the cloud provider, including data protection measures, incident response procedures, and audit rights. This aligns directly with the principles of managing outsourced services under ISO 27002:2022, ensuring that the organization retains oversight and accountability for the security of its data, even when processed by a third party.

The second option, while relevant to general security, is less specific to the cloud outsourcing context. Implementing a comprehensive security awareness program is crucial, but it doesn’t directly address the contractual and oversight mechanisms required for cloud services.

The third option, focusing on encrypting all data at rest and in transit, is a technical control that might be part of the agreement but doesn’t encompass the broader management and contractual aspects. The organization needs to ensure the provider *implements* such controls, which is best achieved through contractual obligations.

The fourth option, concerning regular vulnerability assessments of the organization’s internal network, is important for overall security but does not directly address the security of the cloud-hosted CRM system itself. The focus needs to be on the outsourced service.

Therefore, the most effective approach, as per ISO 27002:2022, is to formalize the security requirements through a robust contractual agreement with the cloud service provider.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing information security. Control A.5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. This control mandates that the organization must obtain assurance regarding the security measures implemented by the cloud service provider. This assurance is typically achieved through various means, including audits, certifications (like ISO 27001 certification for the cloud provider), and contractual agreements that clearly define security responsibilities and service level agreements (SLAs). The question asks for the most appropriate action to ensure the security of the data in the cloud CRM. Evaluating the options, the most effective and comprehensive approach aligns with the principles of due diligence and contractual obligation as outlined in A.5.23. This involves verifying the provider’s security posture and establishing clear contractual terms. The other options, while potentially contributing to security, do not represent the primary or most robust mechanism for ensuring data protection in a cloud environment as per ISO 27002:2022 guidance. For instance, relying solely on internal security awareness training (option b) does not address the provider’s security controls. Implementing strict access controls within the CRM (option c) is important but is a subset of the overall security assurance needed from the provider. Conducting regular vulnerability scans of the CRM (option d) is a technical control, but without understanding the provider’s foundational security, its effectiveness is limited. Therefore, the most critical step is to ensure the cloud provider’s adherence to security standards and to formalize this through agreements.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which falls under the domain of data protection and privacy. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security, provides guidance on various controls. Control 5.10, “Information transfer,” is directly relevant as it addresses the secure transfer of information between parties, including when using cloud services. This control emphasizes the need for agreements that define security requirements for information transfer, especially when sensitive data is involved. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is also pertinent as it mandates the monitoring of information processing facilities to detect unauthorized access or misuse. However, the core issue here is the *transfer* and *processing* of data in a cloud environment, which is most directly addressed by controls related to data handling and cloud security. Control 7.10, “Use of cryptography,” is a supporting control that can enhance security during transfer but isn’t the primary control for the overall transfer process. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” is focused on devices used by individuals, not the cloud infrastructure itself. Therefore, the most appropriate control category to focus on for ensuring the secure handling of customer data within a new cloud CRM system, particularly concerning its transfer and processing, is related to the secure use of information and cloud services. Within ISO 27002:2022, the controls that best encompass this are found in the “Organizational controls” and “Physical controls” sections, with a strong emphasis on the “Operational controls” for the actual implementation. Specifically, controls related to data protection, cloud security, and secure data handling during transfer are paramount. Considering the options, the focus on ensuring that data is protected during its lifecycle, including transfer and processing within the cloud, aligns best with the principles of secure information handling and the specific guidance provided in ISO 27002:2022 for cloud services and data protection. The correct approach involves implementing controls that govern the secure transfer and processing of information, ensuring that contractual agreements with cloud providers include robust security clauses, and that monitoring mechanisms are in place to detect any deviations from security policies. This holistic approach, focusing on the secure handling of information throughout its lifecycle within the cloud environment, is the most comprehensive answer.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring that sensitive customer data processed and stored within this system remains protected, especially considering potential data residency requirements and the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud services. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security in cloud services, emphasizes the need for a thorough understanding of the service provider’s security controls and the organization’s own responsibilities.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. It mandates that the organization must obtain assurance regarding the security of cloud services, including understanding the provider’s security measures and the implications of the shared responsibility model. This involves identifying and documenting the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the organization for various security controls. For sensitive customer data, particularly in light of potential data residency laws (e.g., GDPR, CCPA, or country-specific regulations), it is crucial to verify where the data will be stored and processed and to ensure that the provider’s practices align with these legal and regulatory obligations.

Therefore, the most appropriate action for the Information Security Manager is to conduct a comprehensive review of the cloud provider’s security certifications, audit reports (like SOC 2 or ISO 27001 certification for the cloud service), and contractual agreements. This review should specifically focus on data location, data handling practices, incident response capabilities, and the provider’s adherence to relevant data protection regulations. This proactive due diligence is essential to establish a baseline understanding of security risks and to define the organization’s own security responsibilities within the cloud environment, thereby ensuring compliance and protecting sensitive data.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is developing a new cloud-based service and needs to ensure its security posture aligns with ISO 27001 and its supporting guidance. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO 27002:2022 that directly addresses the secure development of applications, specifically focusing on the integration of security throughout the entire software development lifecycle (SDLC).

Control 8.28, “Secure coding,” is the most fitting choice. This control mandates that secure coding principles are applied throughout the development lifecycle, including requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. It emphasizes preventing vulnerabilities from being introduced into the application from the outset.

Control 8.23, “Information security in the development and support process,” is broader and covers the overall security of the development and support processes, but 8.28 is more specific to the *coding* aspect. Control 5.1, “Policies for information security,” is foundational but doesn’t directly address the technical implementation of secure coding. Control 7.4, “Monitoring activities,” is important for detecting issues but doesn’t prevent them during development. Therefore, focusing on the secure coding practices themselves, as outlined in 8.28, is the most direct and effective approach for the described scenario.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system, which is hosted by a third-party provider. ISO 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security for outsourced services, emphasizes the importance of establishing clear responsibilities and ensuring that the service provider adheres to the organization’s security requirements. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses this by requiring the organization to obtain assurance that cloud service providers meet defined security requirements. This assurance is typically gained through audits, certifications, or contractual agreements that specify security controls and responsibilities. The question asks for the most appropriate action to ensure the security of data in the cloud CRM.

The correct approach involves verifying the security posture of the cloud provider. This aligns with the principles of due diligence and the need for ongoing monitoring of third-party risks. While other options might seem relevant, they do not directly address the core requirement of ensuring the cloud provider’s compliance with security standards. For instance, focusing solely on internal training (option b) does not mitigate the risk posed by the provider’s security practices. Implementing a data loss prevention (DLP) solution (option c) is a technical control that can help, but it doesn’t replace the fundamental need to ensure the provider’s overall security framework is robust. Developing a comprehensive incident response plan (option d) is crucial for managing breaches, but it is a reactive measure and does not proactively ensure the security of the data at the source. Therefore, obtaining assurance from the cloud provider regarding their security controls and compliance is the most direct and effective step in this context, as mandated by ISO 27002:2022.