The question probes the understanding of ISO/IEC 27002:2022’s approach to managing information security in the context of cloud services, specifically focusing on the responsibilities of the customer. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is central here. This control emphasizes that the customer organization retains responsibility for information security, even when using cloud services. This includes ensuring that the cloud service provider’s security controls are adequate and that the customer’s own security policies and procedures are applied to the cloud environment. The customer must understand the shared responsibility model, which dictates which security tasks are performed by the provider and which remain with the customer. Therefore, the customer’s obligation extends to defining and implementing security requirements for the cloud service, monitoring compliance, and managing access to data stored and processed in the cloud. The other options represent either the provider’s responsibilities, a general security principle not specific to cloud customer obligations, or a misinterpretation of the shared responsibility model.

The question probes the understanding of how ISO/IEC 27002:2022 categorizes controls, specifically focusing on the “Organizational” theme. The scenario describes a company implementing a policy for the secure handling of information assets. This directly aligns with the principles of establishing clear organizational policies and procedures for information security management. Control 5.1, “Policies for information security,” within the Organizational theme, mandates the establishment and communication of information security policies. The other options represent different control themes: “People” (e.g., training, awareness), “Physical” (e.g., secure areas, equipment security), and “Technological” (e.g., access control, encryption). Therefore, the most appropriate categorization for a control that mandates the creation and dissemination of information handling policies is within the Organizational theme.

The core of this question lies in understanding the nuanced application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls, specifically concerning the management of information security in a cloud computing environment. The scenario describes a situation where a company utilizes a Software as a Service (SaaS) provider for critical business functions. The question probes the responsibility for ensuring the security of data processed by this SaaS. According to ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the context of cloud services (as elaborated in controls like 5.23, 8.16, and 8.23), the responsibility for data security is shared. While the cloud service provider is responsible for the security *of* the cloud infrastructure and the underlying platform, the customer organization remains responsible for the security *in* the cloud, which includes the data itself and how it is configured and accessed within the SaaS application. Therefore, the organization must implement controls to protect its data, even when it’s hosted by a third party. This involves understanding the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud computing and applying appropriate controls from the standard to manage the risks associated with data stored and processed by the SaaS provider. The correct approach involves the organization actively managing its data security posture by implementing its own security measures, such as access controls, encryption, and data loss prevention, within the SaaS environment, in addition to verifying the provider’s security practices.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the context of its controls, guides organizations on how to manage information security. Control 5.10, “Use of information and communications technology (ICT) systems,” is directly relevant here. This control emphasizes the need to ensure that ICT systems, including cloud services, are protected against malware and other threats. It mandates the implementation of measures to prevent, detect, and recover from such threats. Given that the CRM is cloud-based, the organization must ensure that the cloud service provider also adheres to robust security practices, aligning with the principles of shared responsibility in cloud security. The question asks about the most appropriate control objective to address the risk of unauthorized access and modification of data within this new system. Control 8.1, “Clear desk and clear screen,” while important for physical security and endpoint protection, is not the most direct or comprehensive control for securing data within a cloud-based CRM. Control 5.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting security incidents but doesn’t directly prevent the initial compromise. Control 7.4, “Physical security monitoring,” pertains to the physical environment and is not the primary concern for a cloud-hosted application. Therefore, ensuring the security of the ICT system itself, which encompasses the cloud-based CRM and its underlying infrastructure, is the most fitting objective. This aligns with the broader intent of control 5.10, which focuses on the secure use of ICT systems. The correct approach is to focus on the security of the ICT system itself to protect the data.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud services. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the context of its controls, provides guidance on managing information security risks.

Control 5.1 (Policies for information security) establishes the foundation for information security by defining organizational policies. Control 5.10 (Acceptable use of information and other associated assets) sets guidelines for users. Control 5.16 (Monitoring activities) focuses on observing system and network operations. Control 5.18 (Monitoring and review of supplier services) is directly relevant to managing risks associated with third-party services, such as cloud providers.

In this case, the organization needs to ensure that the cloud provider’s security practices align with its own requirements and any applicable legal or regulatory obligations, such as GDPR or CCPA, which mandate specific data protection measures. Control 5.18 is the most appropriate control to address the security of the cloud service itself, as it mandates the monitoring and review of services provided by suppliers. This involves understanding the provider’s security capabilities, contractual agreements, and ongoing performance. While other controls like 5.1, 5.10, and 5.16 are important for the organization’s internal security posture, they do not directly address the specific risk of the cloud provider’s service security as comprehensively as 5.18. Therefore, the focus should be on the controls that govern the relationship and oversight of external service providers.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud computing. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Cloud security” (Clause 5.23) and “Supplier relationships” (Clause 5.21) themes, provides guidance on managing risks associated with outsourced services. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” mandates that the organization must obtain a high level of assurance regarding the security of cloud services, including understanding the provider’s security policies, procedures, and certifications. Control 5.21, “Information security in supplier relationships,” requires the organization to establish and maintain information security for all services delivered by suppliers. When a cloud provider is used, the organization must ensure that the provider’s security measures are adequate and that the contractual agreements clearly define responsibilities for information security. This includes specifying how data will be protected, how incidents will be handled, and the provider’s compliance with relevant regulations like GDPR or CCPA, which mandate specific data protection measures. Therefore, the most appropriate action to ensure compliance and robust security for the new CRM system is to conduct a thorough review of the cloud provider’s security certifications and contractual obligations, ensuring they align with the organization’s risk appetite and legal requirements. This proactive approach addresses the inherent risks of cloud adoption by verifying the provider’s security posture and solidifying the organization’s rights and responsibilities.

The core of this question lies in understanding the nuanced application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls, specifically concerning the management of intellectual property and the protection of sensitive information within a collaborative development environment. Control 5.10, “Use of information and communication technology,” mandates that information processing facilities should be protected from unauthorized access and that ICT equipment should be appropriately located and protected. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” emphasizes the need for security measures on devices used by individuals to access organizational information. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting policy violations and security incidents. Control 8.23, “Use of cryptography,” is relevant for protecting data in transit and at rest.

In the given scenario, the primary concern is the unauthorized disclosure of proprietary algorithms. While using personal cloud storage (violating 5.10 by potentially bypassing organizational controls and introducing unmanaged endpoints) and sharing code via unencrypted channels (violating 8.23) are significant issues, the most direct control addressing the *detection* and *prevention* of such unauthorized data exfiltration, especially when it involves sensitive intellectual property, is related to monitoring and access controls. Control 8.1, while relevant to endpoint security, doesn’t directly address the *monitoring* of data movement. Control 8.23 is about *how* to protect data, not necessarily *how* to detect its misuse. Control 5.10 is broader, focusing on the overall protection of facilities.

The most fitting control for identifying and potentially preventing the unauthorized transfer of proprietary algorithms, especially when it involves sensitive intellectual property being shared outside of approved channels, is the implementation of robust monitoring activities. This aligns with the principle of detecting and responding to security events, which is a fundamental aspect of information security management. Therefore, focusing on controls that facilitate the detection of such actions is paramount.

The question probes the understanding of the ISO/IEC 27002:2022 control related to the management of information security incidents. Specifically, it focuses on the appropriate response to a detected security anomaly. Control 5.24, “Information security incident management,” outlines the process for handling security incidents. The core of this control is to ensure that information security incidents are managed in a consistent and timely manner. This involves establishing a process for reporting, assessing, responding to, and learning from incidents. When a security anomaly is detected, the immediate priority, as dictated by best practices and the intent of this control, is to contain the incident to prevent further damage or unauthorized access. This containment phase is critical for limiting the impact of the incident. Following containment, the incident must be investigated to understand its root cause and scope. Subsequently, remediation actions are taken to address the vulnerability or exploit that led to the incident, and lessons learned are incorporated into the organization’s security posture to prevent recurrence. Therefore, the sequence of actions should prioritize containment, followed by investigation, and then remediation.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the potential for unauthorized access or modification. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Access controls” (Clause 5.15) and “Cryptography” (Clause 8.24) themes, provides guidance on managing access and protecting data. The control “Access to information and other associated assets” (5.15) emphasizes the need for a formal access control policy and the principle of least privilege. The control “Use of cryptography” (8.24) mandates the use of encryption for protecting information at rest and in transit where appropriate, particularly for sensitive data. Considering the nature of customer data in a CRM, which often includes personally identifiable information (PII) and potentially financial details, robust protection mechanisms are essential. The question probes the understanding of how to apply these controls in a practical cloud environment. The correct approach involves a combination of strict access management and data encryption. Implementing role-based access control (RBAC) ensures that users only have access to the data necessary for their job functions, aligning with the principle of least privilege. Encrypting the data, both when it is stored (at rest) and when it is transmitted (in transit), provides an additional layer of security, rendering the data unreadable to unauthorized parties even if access controls are bypassed or if the data is intercepted. Therefore, a comprehensive strategy would involve both strong access controls and robust encryption.

The scenario describes a situation where a company is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically control 5.1 (Policies for information security), 5.10 (Acceptable use of information and other associated assets), and 8.16 (Monitoring activities), are highly relevant here. Control 5.1 mandates the establishment of information security policies that address the use of cloud services. Control 5.10 guides the development of user guidelines for acceptable use of information assets, which would include the CRM system. Control 8.16 emphasizes the importance of monitoring activities to detect and respond to security incidents. Given the cloud context and the need for ongoing oversight, a robust monitoring strategy that aligns with the organization’s security policies and acceptable use guidelines is paramount. This strategy should encompass logging, auditing, and analysis of system activities to identify potential breaches or policy violations. Therefore, the most appropriate action is to establish and enforce comprehensive monitoring and logging procedures for the cloud CRM system, ensuring compliance with organizational policies and relevant regulations like GDPR or CCPA, which mandate data protection and auditability.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The core of the question revolves around selecting the most appropriate control from ISO/IEC 27002:2022 to manage the risks associated with storing sensitive customer data in this external service.

The relevant control category for managing risks associated with cloud services, particularly when data is processed or stored by a third party, falls under “Organizational controls” and specifically within the sub-category of “Information security in the information security management system.” Within this, the control that directly addresses the need for clear responsibilities and agreements when using external parties for information processing is crucial.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is the most fitting control. This control mandates that organizations should have a clear understanding of the security risks associated with cloud services and establish agreements with cloud service providers that specify security responsibilities. It emphasizes the need for due diligence in selecting providers and ensuring that the services meet the organization’s security requirements. The scenario highlights the use of a cloud CRM, which inherently involves a third-party provider handling sensitive customer data. Therefore, establishing a robust agreement that defines security obligations, service levels, and incident response procedures is paramount.

Other controls, while important for overall information security, are less directly applicable to the specific challenge of managing a cloud CRM provider relationship. For instance, controls related to physical security (e.g., 7.1) or access control (e.g., 8.2) are important but do not specifically address the contractual and risk management aspects of cloud service utilization. Similarly, controls related to cryptographic techniques (e.g., 8.24) or secure coding (e.g., 8.28) are technical measures that might be stipulated within the cloud service agreement but do not represent the overarching control for managing the relationship itself. The selection of a cloud service provider and the subsequent contractual arrangements are foundational to ensuring the security of data processed by that provider.

The core of this question revolves around the application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls, specifically focusing on the nuances of managing information security in a distributed workforce. The scenario describes a company that has adopted a hybrid work model, necessitating a review of its existing security policies and practices. The question asks to identify the most appropriate control category from ISO/IEC 27002:2022 that directly addresses the security implications of employees accessing organizational information from various locations and potentially using personal devices.

Control 5.10, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is relevant but primarily concerns the use of cloud service providers, not the general security of remote work itself. Control 7.4, “Physical security monitoring,” is focused on physical access to facilities and is not directly applicable to remote work security. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” is highly relevant as it deals with the security of devices used by individuals to access organizational resources, which is a critical aspect of a hybrid work model. This control encompasses aspects like device hardening, malware protection, and secure configuration for devices that may be used outside the traditional corporate network. Control 8.23, “Use of cryptography,” is a specific technical control for data protection, not the overarching management of endpoint security in a dispersed environment. Therefore, the most fitting control category that provides a framework for addressing the security challenges of employees working from diverse locations is the one that governs user endpoint devices.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Cloud Services” (Clause 5.23) and “Access Control” (Clause 5.15) themes, provides guidance on managing information security for cloud services and controlling access. The question probes the understanding of how to effectively manage security for such a system.

Control 5.23 (Cloud Services) emphasizes the need to establish agreements with cloud service providers that clearly define security responsibilities and to ensure that the provider meets the organization’s security requirements. This includes understanding the provider’s security practices, data location, and incident response capabilities.

Control 5.15 (Access Control) is fundamental to protecting data within any system, including cloud-based ones. It mandates that access to information and information processing facilities should be restricted to authorized users, processes, or devices. This involves implementing robust authentication mechanisms, authorization policies, and regular review of access rights.

Considering the scenario, the most comprehensive and foundational approach to addressing the security of the new CRM system, particularly concerning sensitive customer data, is to ensure that access to the system and its data is strictly controlled and that the cloud provider adheres to agreed-upon security standards. This directly aligns with the principles of least privilege and the shared responsibility model in cloud computing. Therefore, a combination of robust access control mechanisms and a clear understanding of the cloud provider’s security posture is paramount. The correct approach involves implementing stringent access controls and verifying the cloud provider’s compliance with security requirements.

The question focuses on the application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls in a specific scenario involving the management of information security for a cloud-based service provider. The core concept being tested is the appropriate control selection and justification based on the identified risks and the nature of the service. Specifically, the scenario highlights the need for robust access control and monitoring mechanisms for sensitive data processed in a cloud environment.

Control 5.16, “Access control,” is fundamental to managing user access to information and information processing facilities. It encompasses principles like least privilege and need-to-know. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” is relevant as it addresses the security of devices used by users to access the cloud service, which could be a vector for compromise. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting and responding to security incidents, including unauthorized access attempts or data exfiltration. Control 8.23, “Use of cryptography,” is also important for protecting data in transit and at rest within the cloud environment.

Considering the scenario of a cloud service provider handling sensitive customer data, the most comprehensive and directly applicable control for ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of this data, particularly in the context of access and potential misuse, is the implementation of robust access control mechanisms. This includes strong authentication, authorization, and regular review of access privileges. While other controls like endpoint security and monitoring are vital, the primary defense against unauthorized access to the data itself, as implied by the scenario’s concern for data integrity and confidentiality, lies within access control. The scenario implicitly points to the need for granular control over who can access what data and under what conditions. Therefore, the control that most directly addresses the core risk of unauthorized access and manipulation of sensitive customer data within the cloud infrastructure is the one focused on access control.

The core of this question revolves around the nuanced application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls, specifically in the context of managing information security in a cloud computing environment. The scenario describes a company, “Aether Dynamics,” that has adopted a hybrid cloud model and is experiencing an incident involving unauthorized access to sensitive customer data stored on a third-party cloud platform. The question probes the understanding of which control category, as defined by ISO/IEC 27002:2022, is most directly and comprehensively addressed by the implementation of a robust cloud security policy that mandates regular vendor security assessments and the establishment of clear data ownership and responsibility frameworks.

ISO/IEC 27002:2022 categorizes controls into four main themes: Organizational, People, Physical, and Technological. The described actions—implementing a cloud security policy, conducting vendor assessments, and defining data ownership—primarily fall under the **Organizational** controls theme. This theme encompasses policies, procedures, and organizational structures that govern information security. Specifically, controls related to supplier relationships (like vendor assessments) and information security policies are key components of the Organizational theme. While technological controls are involved in securing the cloud infrastructure itself, the proactive management, policy definition, and vendor oversight described are fundamentally organizational responsibilities. People controls relate to employee conduct, and physical controls deal with tangible security measures. Therefore, the most fitting category for the described management practices is Organizational.

The core of this question revolves around the application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls, specifically focusing on the concept of “Information security in the cloud” (Clause 5.23). When an organization outsources its data processing to a cloud service provider, it retains ultimate responsibility for information security. This responsibility necessitates a thorough understanding of the provider’s security posture and the contractual agreements in place. The standard emphasizes the importance of defining and documenting the responsibilities of both the organization and the cloud service provider. This includes specifying how data will be protected, managed, and how security incidents will be handled. The selection of a cloud service provider should be based on their ability to meet the organization’s security requirements, which often involves assessing their certifications, audit reports, and adherence to relevant security frameworks. Furthermore, ongoing monitoring and review of the provider’s performance are crucial to ensure continued compliance and security. The question tests the understanding that while the provider executes many security functions, the organization cannot abdicate its fundamental duty of care and oversight. Therefore, establishing clear contractual clauses that delineate responsibilities for data protection, incident response, and compliance with applicable regulations (such as GDPR or CCPA, depending on the data’s nature and location) is paramount. This proactive approach ensures that the organization maintains adequate control and accountability for its information assets, even when processed by a third party.

The question probes the understanding of how ISO/IEC 27002:2022 categorizes controls, specifically focusing on the “Organizational” theme. Within this theme, the control for “Information security for use of cloud services” (5.23) is directly relevant. This control mandates that an organization should establish and implement information security policies, procedures, and controls for the use of cloud services. This includes defining responsibilities, ensuring contractual agreements address security requirements, and managing risks associated with cloud adoption. The other options represent different themes or specific controls that are not the primary focus of the scenario described. “Physical security” (7.1) relates to protecting physical perimeters and facilities. “Access control” (5.15) is a broader category dealing with user access to information and systems. “Monitoring activities” (8.16) pertains to the continuous observation of system and network activities. Therefore, the scenario of a company leveraging cloud-based collaboration tools and needing to define security responsibilities and contractual obligations aligns most closely with the organizational controls governing cloud service usage.

The question probes the understanding of the ISO/IEC 27002:2022 control related to the management of information security in the context of cloud services, specifically focusing on the responsibilities of the cloud service customer. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” addresses this. The core principle is that the customer retains responsibility for information security, even when utilizing cloud services. This includes ensuring that the cloud service provider’s security measures align with the customer’s requirements and that the customer implements appropriate controls within their own sphere of influence. The customer must understand the shared responsibility model and actively manage the security aspects that fall under their purview. This involves defining security requirements for cloud services, ensuring contractual agreements reflect these requirements, and continuously monitoring the security posture of the cloud environment. The other options represent either a misunderstanding of the shared responsibility model, an over-reliance on the provider without due diligence, or a focus on aspects not directly mandated by the customer’s primary responsibility for their own information security within the cloud.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud computing. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically control 5.23 “Information security for use of cloud services,” provides guidance on managing information security when using cloud services. This control emphasizes the need for a clear understanding of the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the customer. It also highlights the importance of establishing agreements that define security requirements and ensuring that the provider’s security controls are adequate.

Considering the options, the most appropriate action for the organization is to conduct a thorough assessment of the cloud service provider’s security posture and contractual obligations. This aligns with the principles of due diligence and the need to verify that the provider meets the organization’s security requirements. Specifically, it involves reviewing the provider’s certifications, audit reports (like SOC 2 or ISO 27001), and the service level agreement (SLA) to ensure it adequately addresses data protection, access control, incident response, and business continuity. This proactive approach helps mitigate risks associated with data breaches, unauthorized access, and service disruptions, thereby maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of customer information as mandated by information security best practices and potentially relevant regulations like GDPR or CCPA, which impose strict requirements on data processing and protection.

The question revolves around the application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls in a specific scenario. The core concept being tested is the appropriate control selection for managing information security risks related to the use of cloud services, particularly concerning data residency and compliance with regulations like GDPR.

The scenario describes an organization, “Aether Dynamics,” that processes personal data of EU citizens using a cloud service provider. A key requirement is to ensure that this data remains within the European Economic Area (EEA) to comply with GDPR. ISO/IEC 27002:2022 provides a framework for information security controls. Within this framework, controls related to supplier relationships and the use of cloud services are paramount.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses the need for an agreement with cloud service providers that specifies security requirements. Crucially, this control, when interpreted in the context of data residency regulations, necessitates ensuring that the provider’s operations and data storage locations align with legal and contractual obligations. Therefore, a control that mandates the cloud service provider to confirm and document the geographical locations where data is processed and stored, and to provide assurances that this aligns with the organization’s data residency policies and applicable laws (like GDPR), is the most fitting.

Option a) directly addresses this by focusing on the contractual obligation to specify data processing and storage locations, ensuring compliance with data residency requirements. This aligns with the principles of due diligence in supplier management and the specific needs arising from data protection legislation.

Option b) is plausible but less precise. While monitoring the provider’s security posture is important, it doesn’t specifically address the data residency requirement as directly as the chosen answer. Security posture monitoring is a broader aspect of supplier risk management.

Option c) is also a relevant control (related to access control), but it doesn’t directly tackle the data residency and geographical processing aspect, which is the central challenge in the scenario.

Option d) relates to incident management, which is crucial but not the primary control for ensuring data residency compliance in a cloud service agreement.

Therefore, the most appropriate control, based on the scenario and the principles of ISO/IEC 27002:2022, is one that explicitly addresses the contractual and operational aspects of data residency in cloud services.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the increasing regulatory landscape (e.g., GDPR, CCPA) that mandates robust data protection. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the context of its controls, provides guidance on managing information security. Control 5.10, “Information classification,” is fundamental here. It mandates that information should be classified according to the business value, legal requirements, and sensitivity of the information. This classification then informs the level of protection required. For sensitive customer data in a CRM, a high classification is appropriate. Control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” is relevant as it addresses the security of devices used by users to access information, which could include endpoints accessing the CRM. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting unauthorized access or suspicious behavior within the CRM. However, the most foundational control that dictates *how* the data itself should be protected based on its inherent characteristics and legal obligations is information classification. Without proper classification, the subsequent security measures applied to the CRM data might be insufficient or misaligned with risk. Therefore, establishing a clear information classification scheme that categorizes customer data as highly sensitive, requiring stringent access controls, encryption, and auditing, is the most critical first step in securing the new CRM system according to ISO/IEC 27002:2022 principles.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially given the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud computing. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” directly addresses this by requiring the organization to establish and implement an information security policy for cloud services. This policy should define the responsibilities of both the cloud service provider and the organization, outline security requirements, and specify how to manage risks associated with cloud usage. Control 8.1, “Asset inventory and associated information,” is also relevant as it mandates maintaining an inventory of all assets, including cloud-based services and the data they process. However, the core of the problem lies in the *governance* and *policy framework* for cloud usage, which is best addressed by a dedicated cloud security policy. Control 5.23 provides the overarching guidance for this. Control 7.4, “Access control,” is important for managing user access to the CRM, but it’s a specific implementation detail rather than the foundational policy. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting security incidents but doesn’t address the initial policy establishment. Therefore, the most appropriate control to address the fundamental need for a structured approach to securing the cloud CRM is 5.23.

The scenario describes a situation where a new cloud service provider is being onboarded, and the organization needs to ensure that the provider’s security practices align with its own. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically in the context of Annex A controls, provides guidance on managing supplier relationships and ensuring the security of information processed by third parties. Control 5.21, “Managing information security in the ICT supply chain,” is directly relevant here. This control emphasizes the need to establish and implement controls for managing information security risks associated with ICT supply chains. This includes defining security requirements for suppliers, monitoring their performance, and ensuring that contractual agreements reflect these requirements. The question asks about the most appropriate action to take *before* the cloud service is fully integrated. Therefore, the focus should be on establishing the security requirements and verifying the provider’s capability to meet them. This aligns with the proactive nature of risk management in supply chains.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is the protection of sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Physical security” and “Cloud security” themes, provides guidance on controls relevant to this situation. Control 7.1, “Physical security perimeters,” is foundational for protecting the physical infrastructure where data resides, even if it’s in a cloud provider’s data center. Control 8.23, “Use of cryptography,” is directly applicable as it mandates the use of encryption for data at rest and in transit to protect confidentiality. Control 5.1, “Policies for information security,” establishes the overarching framework and commitment. Control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” is crucial for detecting and responding to security incidents. However, the most direct and comprehensive control addressing the protection of sensitive data within a cloud CRM, considering both its storage and transmission, is the application of encryption. Therefore, the correct approach focuses on ensuring data confidentiality through cryptographic measures.

The question probes the understanding of how ISO/IEC 27002:2022 categorizes controls, specifically focusing on the “Organizational” theme. Within this theme, the control “Information security in supplier relationships” (5.23) is a key element. The scenario describes a situation where an organization is engaging with a third-party cloud service provider for data storage. The core of the question lies in identifying which of the provided control categories from ISO/IEC 27002:2022 best encompasses the proactive measures taken to ensure information security throughout this vendor engagement. The “Organizational” controls are designed to establish and manage information security policies, processes, and structures. Control 5.23 directly addresses the security aspects of supplier relationships, including the need for due diligence, contractual agreements, and ongoing monitoring of third-party performance concerning information security. Therefore, when an organization implements measures to ensure the security of data handled by a cloud provider, it is primarily engaging with the principles and requirements of organizational controls related to supplier relationships. The other categories, while potentially relevant in a broader security context, do not specifically address the management of security within external partnerships as directly as the organizational controls do. For instance, “Physical” controls relate to the security of physical environments, “Technological” controls focus on technical security measures, and “People” controls deal with human aspects of security. While a cloud provider might employ physical and technological controls, and the organization’s own personnel are subject to people controls, the overarching management of the *relationship* and the security *obligations* within that relationship fall squarely under the organizational domain.

The core of this question revolves around the application of ISO/IEC 27002:2022 controls in a specific context. The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive customer data stored within this system. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Organizational controls” and “Physical controls” domains, provides guidance on managing information security. Control 5.10, “Information security in the cloud,” is directly relevant as it addresses the security of cloud services. Furthermore, control 8.1, “User endpoint devices,” and control 8.16, “Monitoring activities,” are also pertinent. Control 8.16 emphasizes the importance of monitoring activities to detect and deter unauthorized behavior, which is crucial for maintaining data confidentiality and integrity in a cloud environment. The scenario highlights the need for continuous oversight and the establishment of clear responsibilities for monitoring. Therefore, the most appropriate control to address the described need for ongoing vigilance and detection of potential breaches in the cloud CRM system is the one focused on monitoring activities. This control ensures that the organization actively observes system behavior and user actions to identify and respond to security incidents promptly, thereby safeguarding sensitive customer information. The other options, while related to information security, do not directly address the continuous monitoring aspect as effectively as the chosen control. For instance, controls related to physical security are less relevant to a cloud-based system, and controls focused solely on access management, while important, do not encompass the broader detection of anomalies.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring that sensitive customer data processed and stored within this system is adequately protected, especially considering the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud services. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the “Physical and environmental security” and “Cloud security” clauses, provides guidance on managing risks associated with outsourced services and cloud environments. Control 5.10 “Information security in the cloud” is directly relevant, emphasizing the need to understand and manage the risks associated with cloud services, including the responsibilities of the cloud service provider. Furthermore, control 7.1 “Physical security perimeters” and 7.4 “Physical security monitoring” are applicable to the physical infrastructure hosting the cloud services, even if managed by the provider, as the organization retains ultimate responsibility for the data. Control 8.1 “User endpoint devices” and 8.2 “Privileged access rights” are also pertinent as users will access the CRM from various devices, and administrative access to the cloud environment needs strict control. However, the most encompassing control that addresses the overall security posture of cloud services, including the shared responsibility model and the need for contractual agreements, is control 5.10. This control mandates that the organization must establish and implement policies and procedures for the use of cloud services, including understanding the responsibilities of the cloud service provider and ensuring that the provider meets the organization’s security requirements. The other controls, while important, are more specific to particular aspects of security (physical, endpoint, access) rather than the overarching management of cloud security risks. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to managing cloud security, as outlined in control 5.10, is the most critical consideration.

The question probes the understanding of the ISO/IEC 27002:2022 control related to the management of information security in the context of a cloud service. Specifically, it focuses on the responsibilities of an organization when utilizing cloud services and the implications for information security. Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant here. This control emphasizes that an organization should obtain information about the security measures implemented by the cloud service provider and ensure that the cloud service provider meets the organization’s information security requirements. The scenario describes a situation where a cloud provider experiences a data breach, and the organization needs to determine its primary responsibility. The core principle is that the organization remains accountable for its data, even when processed by a third party. Therefore, the organization’s primary responsibility is to ensure that the cloud provider adheres to agreed-upon security standards and to manage the incident in accordance with its own security policies and any contractual obligations with the provider. This includes understanding the provider’s incident response capabilities and ensuring that the organization’s own incident response plan is activated and coordinated with the provider. The correct approach involves a proactive stance in verifying provider security and a reactive stance in managing the consequences of a breach, aligning with the shared responsibility model often present in cloud computing. The organization must also consider its legal and regulatory obligations, such as data protection laws (e.g., GDPR, CCPA), which may dictate specific notification requirements and due diligence in selecting and managing cloud providers. The explanation highlights the importance of due diligence in selecting cloud providers, the need for clear contractual agreements defining responsibilities, and the ongoing monitoring of the provider’s security posture. It also touches upon the organization’s internal incident management processes and the necessity of coordinating with the cloud provider during an actual security incident.

The question probes the understanding of how ISO/IEC 27002:2022 categorizes controls, specifically focusing on the “Organizational” theme. Within this theme, the control “Information security in the project management processes” (Clause 5.26) is directly relevant to how an organization integrates security considerations into its project lifecycles. This control emphasizes establishing and applying information security requirements throughout the project management process, from initiation to closure. It mandates that information security is considered at each stage, ensuring that risks are identified, assessed, and treated appropriately within the project context. This proactive integration is crucial for embedding security by design and by default, aligning with the broader principles of ISO/IEC 27001. The other options represent different control themes or specific controls that, while important for information security, do not directly address the integration of security into project management processes as the primary focus. For instance, “Physical security monitoring” (Clause 7.4) is part of the “Physical” theme, “Access control” (Clause 5.15) is part of the “Organizational” theme but focuses on user access, and “Use of cryptography” (Clause 8.24) is part of the “Technological” theme. Therefore, understanding the thematic categorization of controls within ISO/IEC 27002:2022 is key to identifying the most appropriate answer.

The scenario describes a situation where an organization is implementing a new cloud-based customer relationship management (CRM) system. The primary concern is ensuring the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the sensitive customer data stored within this system, especially considering the shared responsibility model inherent in cloud services. ISO/IEC 27002:2022, specifically within the context of managing information security in cloud services, emphasizes the need for robust controls that address the unique risks associated with outsourcing data processing and storage.

Control 5.23, “Information security for use of cloud services,” is directly relevant. This control mandates that organizations define and apply information security policies and supporting procedures for the use of cloud services, taking into account the specific risks and requirements of the cloud computing environment. It also requires understanding the division of responsibilities between the cloud service provider and the customer.

In this case, the organization must ensure that its contractual agreements with the cloud provider clearly delineate security responsibilities. Furthermore, the organization needs to implement its own security measures to protect the data it controls, even when hosted by a third party. This includes access controls, encryption, monitoring, and incident management for the data within the CRM. The question probes the understanding of how ISO/IEC 27002:2022 guides organizations in managing these responsibilities. The correct approach involves a comprehensive understanding of the shared responsibility model and the application of appropriate controls to the organization’s part of the equation, as outlined in the standard.